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Storage

Ashen uses an authenticated database for state storage, enabling efficient light client verification.

The storage layer provides:

  • Authenticated State - Merkle proofs for any state value
  • Efficient Queries - Fast key-value lookups
  • Historical Access - Archive nodes retain full history

Account state includes:

FieldDescription
nonceTransaction counter
balanceNative token balance
code_hashContract bytecode hash
storage_rootContract storage Merkle root

State proofs enable trustless verification:

  • Inclusion Proofs - Prove a value exists at a key
  • Exclusion Proofs - Prove a key doesn’t exist
  • Historical Proofs - Prove state at past heights via MMR

See Light Clients for proof verification.

ModeStorageUse Case
PruningRecent epochs onlyValidators
ArchiveFull historyRPC, explorers

See Running a Node for configuration.